Fair Use Quotes from Filbert's 
Excalibur about the E-meter, including drills.

Filbert's Definition of E-meter:

The Hubbard Electrometer (E-meter) is an electronic device for measuring the state and change of state of humans. It is about the size of a cigar box and is used in processing to measure masses surrounding the human body and thus locate areas of confusion. It measures unconscious and pre-conscious data. It works, in fact, it always works. The use of an E-meter is a precise skill. A trained operator can find out anything with it. It operates by measuring body resistance and changes in body resistance which is monitored by the energy mass (usually having significance's attached) in the pre-clear's reactive mind (an individual universe of matter, energy, space and time which surrounds and passes through the body).

The fourth simple area of auditing is knowing how to use an E-meter correctly and we will be taking each these areas up in detail later. This is a skill which you could probably train into any monkey or dog, but people make it far more complicated than it is. It is a trainable skill which if a person is highly intelligent or highly confused, they could take up to six months learning how to do it. (I was both 20 years ago and it took that long.) An average individual, properly taught, can learn how to use an E-meter in, after they have been processed up to the Solo Course area, about 3 days time. It takes about 20 hours to train the skill in.

A person walking in off the street that hasn't had any processing, it would take them about six months because people coming in off the street can't understand or comprehend or believe the simplicity that if a needle moves at the end of a question then you should do something regarding that question. You should run the process. If it doesn't move, well then you don't run the process. So, the ability to use an E-meter is the fourth area.

The E-meter, which is the fourth area, is pretty well covered in a book called E-Meter Essentials. If one were to buy a copy of that and buy an E meter and buy another book called E-Meter Drills and sit down with a coach and do those particular drills then one could use an E-meter. Since that is covered in detail in the two mentioned books I'm not going to detail it here, but I can give you an overall summary. In the "Appendix", both are summarized.

It's a very simple activity, yet a very precise activity. You may possibly be wrong at times as an auditor and your preclear may be in error at times, but your meter is never wrong. A person should remember that the meter, although it is a guide, is an infallible guide, because you are auditing electronic charge off the being. He may be sitting there holding those cans to get all these meanings straightened out, but your job and what you are doing is getting the concrete off this individual. By concrete, I mean the overwhelming electronic charge that is ruining his existence. If you audit only these things which read well and big, then your preclear will be very well satisfied. I enclose the useful drills from E-Meter Essentials in the Appendix.

E-METER DRILLS, necessary to learn the skill

The book of E-Meter drills by the Hubbards contains a more thorough set of drills, than those I have included here as the minimum necessary to learn the skill of using this device as a guide in counselling.

The E-Meter is a galvanometer which passes a tiny current through the body to measure the resistance and changes in the resistance of the body. In so doing, the state of case and changes in state of case are measured. In addition, instantaneous inspection of the preclears mind, mental machinery, mental masses, pictures, circuits, and body blueprint, etc. are possible without the preclear being conscious of the area being questioned. Thus it measures unconscious material instantaneously, It has nothing to do with sweat. Its intention dwarfs all other inventions in history, for with it, the answer to any question can be found. knowing how to use one is crucial to auditing well. It tells you whether to take an area up, how far you should proceed with it, and when to conclude your work on it.

A picture can be worth a thousand words, so here is a drawing with labels to show you what I am referring to in the drills:

One learns how to use the device by doing each of the E-Meter drills in order. Having mastered the skill of each drill, one then moves on to the next drill. When all the drills have been done, this integration of skills comprises the single skill of the ability to read and use an E-Meter.

The fastest method of learning each of these skills is to work with another person. Whoever is learning the skill is called a student, and the person assisting the student in the drilling: is called a coach.

These are the crucial skills and drills:

EM-l:  Touch and let go of the E-Meter.
Its purpose is to familiarise the student with the meter and to get the student into present, non-reactive communication with the device. The commands are "Touch the meter" and "Let go of the meter". You acknowledge each cycle of action. In the event of a sudden emotional or physical change on the student, the coach would ask "How is this going?"  One does this until there are 3 identical length comm-lags, extremely short comm-lags, and the student is happy with it. Of course, a comm-lag is the length of time between the receipt of a command or question, and the person responding to the command or question.

 EM-2: E-Meter Familiarisation.
Its purpose is to familiarise the student with the parts of the meter. One gives these commands to the student in this order until he can do them correctly and rapidly. The commands are:

EM-3: Reading and setting up a Tone Arm counter.
Its purpose is to train the student to set the TA Counter at 99.9 Divisions before session start and to mark the total on the worksheets at session end. This is done by using a pen or ones finger to spin the star-wheel to "9" and hand cranking the Tone arm to 9.9. It should be noted that the star-wheel cannot freely be rotated in the unlikely event that you attempt to spin it with the second column between 8.5 and 1. A few meters were produced with manual reset counters, on which you just push a button and they reset to zero.

 EM-3A: Calibration of the E-Meter by resistors. Its purpose is to teach the student to calibrate and mark on the TA dial any significant variance on the meter from its specifications.

The student switches the meter on, sensitivity to 16, turn the set-transit switch to set, sensitivity booster to 32, TA at 2,0, and brings the meter to normal trim by turning the trim knob until the needle comes to set. This action is normally done everytime the meter is used before the session. It is called "trimming the meter".

To verify this trim plug in the electrodes and instead of cans-in-hands put a 5000 ohm resister across the leads.

Now bring the needle to set, by moving the TA, if that is necessary. If you have to move it more than .1 of a division, then take a magic marker and draw a line on your TA dial at that reading.

Next, you remove the 5000 ohm resister from the leads, and put a 12,500 ohm resister in its place. Bring the needle to set . It should be at 3.0 on the TA dial. If the TA is more than .1 of a division above or below 3.0 then mark that position with a line on the dial.

This check is done only once per machine to make sure the internal calibration is correct. Use only precision resisters ( tolerance of only plus or minus 1%) Make sure the meter is well charged before this test, and always before using it. You check the charge by turning it on, and turning the "set-transit knob" to "test". The needle will slam all the way across the dial and test area. If it is not completely to the right of the test area, .the meter needs charging. Charging it is simply an action of turning it on, turning it to test, make sure there are no electrodes plugged in, connecting the charging cord, and letting it charge overnight, (A full charge is 24 hours which you should do every 50 or so hours it is on.)

 EM-4: Setting up an E-meter.
It purpose is to train the student in how to set up a meter before a session The coach gives the students these commands:

 

1.	Take the lid off the meter.
2.	Put the lid on the far edge of the meter and secure the lid with the catches.
3.	Turn the sensitivity knob on and to 16.
4.	Turn the set knob to "test" for a battery test.
5.	Turn the se t knob back to set.
6.	Adjust the TA to 2.0.
7.	Adjust the trim knob to bring the needle to set on the needle dial.
8.	Place the electrodes, not touching each other, across the table for the pc to pick up.
9.	String the electrode wire under you E-meter shield, if you are using one, and plug it into the meter.
10.	Set the tone arm counter, as described in EM-3.

 

EM-5: Havingness and metabolism checks.
Its purpose is to train the student auditor on how to get an accurate measurement of the PC's present havingness and metabolism.

First, one makes sure there are no rings on the fingers, and the cans are being held properly. The cans should be held loosely, with all the fingers and thumb in contact with the surface of the metal. You ask the pc to "Pick up the cans" and then do this step of insuring there are no rings, and good, natural contact is made. Next, you turn the meter on, with sensitivity booster at 32 (always there is no time you would ever put it at a higher setting except to save a life in exact dating a person in shock with a stuck needle), sensitivity at 1. Then say -Squeeze the cans. That is your havingness check. You should have trimmed the meter, brought the needle to set before the can squeeze. You observe the needle falling to the right on the can squeeze. If you missed that read, do it a second time. You thank the PC for doing it. If it falls (the needle) all the way across the dial, then the havingness of the preclear is up, and you write on your worksheet "HAV-Dial". This is adequate to audit over, and with two or three bounces of the needle hitting the right side is better 3/4 of a dial fall is barely adequate to audit with. If it only falls 1/2 a dial or less you will need to run a havingness process before you can audit. Regardless, of the size of the fall, mark "Hav" and the size of the fall on the worksheet. An example would be "Hav-1 inch". Make sure its a good firm squeeze. That is how you measure havingness. Get the student to do it on self or others, to see how it goes down throughout the day, is brought up by food and sleep, and other havingness remedies. In auditing a pc, you do this the first few sessions, and run havingness processes (and confront processes) to bring it up to full dial, and an outstanding change in the individual. It will stay that way for eternity. Havingness is the ability and willingness to duplicate. Don't ever audit over low havingness. If you were to do so, the fellow couldn't copy, and therefore as-is, the material and data he encounters. Things just won't erase for him.

Likewise, you would not audit over low metabolism. It is the same procedure as checking havingness, except instead of having him squeeze the cans you have him -Take a deep breath and let it out. You write "Met" and the size of the read on the worksheet. A one inch fall is what you want, but you can audit with anything over 1/2 inch. If the needle only falls an inch or less you probably have a PC that is too tired to audit. This gives the best read the second time you test it. It is very much affected by salt, tobacco, coffee, sleep, number of hours awake, sugar level in the bloodstream, and the confront level of the person. If its too low to audit, either schedule them for earlier in the day, have them take a nap, or have a cup of coffee or orange juice.

The coach insures the student can check these two things on any pc and himself.

EM-6: Handling the Tone arm and Sensitivity Knob.
The purpose is to train the student in handling these two without over compensating. The coach holds the cans and changes the needle around by squeezing the cans and taking fingers off and on the cans. The student is to keep the needle on the dial at all times and as near to "set" on the dial as possible. When the student has become proficient at keeping the needle on the dial at all times, not only at sensitivity 1 but at 16 also, you then call out various positions of the TA and sensitivity you want the student to move the knobs to. The coach doesn't have to be on the cans for this 2nd step of calling out positions of both knobs. This is done until the student can move either knob without error to any position the coach calls, quite rapidly. The last step is for the coach to move the knobs himself and have the student declare the position they are in, to insure that the student can properly read the positions, without hesitation. This last step was known as EM-7 by the Hubbards. This is an excellent time to train the student in moving the TA only with the left thumb.

EM-8: Recognising TA motion and No TA motion.
Its purpose is to get the student to recognise these two phenomenon, and to get used to the idea that when the TA is moving he needn't do anything, but when it is not moving he should be doing something. The coach silently, while on the cans, reads some moderately exciting material, and the student notices when the TA is moving and when it isn't, reminding himself when he should be doing something or not.

 EM-9: TA motion and body motion.
Its purpose is to teach the student to notice the difference between the reaction of thought and of the body on the E-meter, and also that the TA should not be adjusted until a body motion is completed. The coach should laugh, squirm, breathe deeply, sigh, yawn, stretch, move the cans around, grip the cans, and so forth, until it is obvious to the student that these are recognisably different in character of reads from those produced by thought. The coach should make sure the student doesn't adjust the TA during a body motion.

EM-10: Tone arm blowdowns. (abbreviated "BD").
Its purpose is first to define a blowdown as a sudden movement of the TA .2 of a division or more in a downward direction. This is marked on the worksheets as "3.0"; "2.8" as an example.

The second purpose is to get a student to observe and mark them down on the worksheets. Thirdly, the student should note "That which blows the tone arm down will produce further TA motion."

The coach reads a moderately exciting piece of literature so that the student can get good TA.

 EM-11: Superlative TA Handling.
This is to train the student to handle the TA properly while asking a metered question. Specifically, the PC must be still, the needle in sight on the needle dial, and the thumb off the TA at the end of the question. If not, the question must be repeated, so that one can measure an accurate mental response to the question. Any moderate list of questions will suffice in doing the drill. The coach complicates the drill by moving his body at the end of the question, causing the student to repeat the line.

 EM-12: Needle actions.
This teaches the student to recognise the various needle actions. Eleven are reads, one is a no response to a question, and three describe general needle condition. Thus there are 16 needle actions The coach demonstrates what they look like, then has the student demonstrate what they look like. In each instance this is done by finger pressure, not by thought, as will be taken up in EM-16 All of these are measured at sensitivity 16, of course These needle actions are listed in their most general order of frequency and importance; and are listed by name, appearance, and abbreviation:

 

Name	Appearance	Abbreviation (for the worksheets)
Long Fall Blowdown	movement of the needle to the right all the way across the dial, to where the TA has to be moved down .2 of a Division or more to bring the needle to "set" on the needle dial.	LFBD
Long Fall	movement of the needle to the right more than 1 1/2 inches	LF
Fall	movement of the needle to the right more than 3/4 of an inch and less than 1 1/2 of an inch	F
Small Fall	movement of the needle to the more than l/8th of an inch but less than 3/4 of an inch.	SF
Free Needle	floats back and forth without interruption (is also called a "Floating Needle")	F/N or FN
Rocket Read	movement of the needle to the right across most of the dial, starting out slowly and picking up speed as it progresses, as in a rocket taking off.	RR
Theta Bop	a steady dance of the needle back and forth about an eighth of an inch wide, always the same speed and distance, moving 2 to 5 times a second.	TB
Rockslam	movement of the needle in a crazy, irregular, and jerky motion happening several times a second from between one to three inches wide.	RS or R/S
Rise	movement of the needle to the left on the needle dial one inch or more.	R
Tick	movement of the needle to the right very slightly, less than l/8th of an inch.	T
Stop	sudden stopping of the needle	STP

 

(These are the 11 reads which are needle actions)

If there is no instant response on the needle to a question being asked, this is called:

 

Null	no response	X
Three conditions of the needle can exist:
Clean needle	A needle which has no reads on it, it just flows back and forth.	CLN
Dirty needle	needle which has reads on it, with no question being asked.	DN
Stuck needle	needle doesn't move, is stuck.	STKN

The coach insures that the student can define, recognise, and produce each of these rapidly without error or hesitation.

 EM-13: is more drilling on recognising body actions with the coach doing the body actions as he sits behind you. In that it is improbable that you will be auditing people that sit behind you, and you learned the difference between body and mental reads on EM-9, this drill is omitted.

 EM-14: is Needle motion and no motion recognition It is omitted because a person already has this skill in being able to see reads or not on EM-12.

 EM-15: Familiarisation with reading an E-meter.
Its purpose is to train the student to recognise accurately with certainty when the PC has mentally reacted to something asked or said The coach holds the electrodes, and the student calls a line off a list. After it is called the coach asks "What did the needle do at the end of the line?". The coach sits beside the student so he can observe the student and the meter. The drill is complete when the student can observe and describe the reads at the end of each line flawlessly.

 EM-16: The productions of needle actions.
This is the most important drill of them all because if it is done properly, the student will gain certainty that he can handle any bank on anyone, in or out of session, whether that bank belongs to God or whoever. Outside of my personal experience, I have never seen it done properly, which is to produce that ability on a person. The purpose of this drill is to train the student to produce these needle actions on another, to recognise the fact he has done so, and to show him he can handle any bank. The coach holds the cans, and the student uses any type of questions he wants, along the lines of "Tell me about a _______?" or "Recall a time when you had or were_________". The student produces the read on each, not just one, of the things which produce each read. Thus he will produce five different falls with each of the five things that produce a fall. The student acknowledges the coach doing the commands, and the coaches communication The student will see real, instantaneous mental reaction on the coach, and with his questioning find how to turn these things on and off in the coach and with other people out in life. These are the needle actions and things that cause them:

 

1.	A Fall:	Losses, lies, present time problems, locks, and disagreements with a reality.
2.	A Rise:	Non-confront, an ARC break restimulation, unreality, out-of-sessionness, fear, irresponsibility, identification, elsewhereness, dispersal, or confusion
3.	A stuck needle:	betrayal, anger, stopped, stopping, hate, fixed attention, failed help, refused help, terror, or failure.
4.	A theta bop:	exteriorizations, operations, desires to leave anything, violent injuries, or shocks.
5.	A Rock Slam:	committing the ultimate evil, being super criminal, ruining everything, being pushed beyond ones limits to where you couldn't stand it anymore.
6.	A Rocket read:	your this lifetime goal, the thing you want to accomplish the most, or what never yet has happened.
7.	A free needle:	A time you got away from everything, a wonderful time, a time you were very happy.

Naturally, the coach sits beside the student to observe that the student has produced the reads, and the coach allows himself to be controlled by the student in having this very personal material addressed. On reads number 5,6, and 7 the student should let the coach talk about each of these until the read comes off (turns off) Number 5, the rockslam, is stressful on the coach so let him unwind it all until it is gone for him. Prematurely shutting down a running rockslam is a method of killing the person, so do not do that. The thetan (person) is actually convulsing in and out of the body on it.

 EM-17: What makes the E-meter read (disagreements), and cleaning a read.
The purpose of this drill is to teach the student that the E-meter reacts on thought and disagreements and further to teach him how to clean a read off of the preclear, and thusly the meter. The coach reads a bulletin or literature while holding the cans, reading silently. The student observes a read, notes what it is on a sheet of paper, and then asks "What did you just read?". The coach then reads the line out loud, and the student observes on what few words the read reoccurs. The student then asks for the coaches disagreements with those few words, and gets them verbalised and acknowledges them. Then the same line is read aloud again. If the read is gone the student then knows he got it off. If the read is still there, he would continue to pull disagreements off those few words until the read is gone. Sometimes it can take as long as 20 minutes.

This is pretty rare though. Most of the time the first disagreement verbalised is what caused the read. The drill is complete when the student can observe a read, find that same read by locating the disagreement, and thus clean the read off the preclear and meter. The student will realise that when a preclear thinks something, the E-meter reads. He will also realise that the E-meter reads on disagreements, as that is all a case is. Of course, the coach will sit beside the student, to observe that the drill is done correctly.

 EM-18: Instant Rudiment Reads.
Its purpose is to train the student to recognise and call instant rudiment reads The coach sits beside the student, to insure that the reads are seen, and marked correctly. Instant reads occur instantly at the end of the last word of the command or question with perfect auditors. In that imperfect auditors exist, the definition of an instant read has had to be amended as follows:

"the instant read can occur anywhere within the last word of the question or when the major thought has been anticipated by the preclear...this is not a prior read. Preclears poorly in session, being handled by auditors with indifferent TR-1, anticipate the instant read reactively as they are under their own control. Such a read occurs in the body of the last meaningful word in the question. It never occurs latent".

These are considered reads. The only thing you consider a read in most auditing and this drill is a Fall, Long Fall, or Long Fall Blowdown. Ignore anything else. The drill is done by the coach being silent, as the student checks these questions, marking either "X" (no read), F, LF, or LFBD by the numbers he has written down vertically on a sheet of paper.

 

1. Today has there been a suppression? 2. Today is there something you have been careful of ? 3. Today is there something you did not reveal? 4. Today is there something you have notised? 5. Today has there been a suggestion? 6. Today has there been a mistake? 7. Today is there something you have been anxious about? 8. Today has something been protested? 9. Today has anything been decided? 10. Today is there anything you left unsaid? 11. Today has there been a problem? 12. Today is there any objection you have had to the room?

The student calls these out loud and marks down what he sees. Prior and latent reads are not marked. Only instant reads are marked. The drill is complete when the student can rapidly, easily, correctly, and without confusion call the questions and mark the reads.

 EM-19: is omitted as it teaches the same skill as EM-18.

 EM-20: How to clean and dirty a needle.
This drill will teach the student the parts of the comm. cycle in auditing and life whether he wants to learn it or not. Its purpose is to train the student what causes a dirty needle and how to clean a dirty needle. The coach sits beside the student holding the cans, with the E-meter at sensitivity 16, of course. The following questions the student will be using on the drill (asking the coach):

The student will learn that the E-meter reacts first on the session, and second on the PC's bank, therefore it is important to maintain a good communication cycle and a good repetitive process cycle on the preclear You see, the comm. cycle and process cycle come first, and what is being run comes second. If you are not running good comm. and process cycles on the PC, the E-meter will begin to react on this and not on the process. Such reaction is manifested by a dirty needle.

Thus, it becomes very important to know what causes a dirty needle, and how a dirty needle is cleaned, when it occurs.

The needle is cleaned by asking "What considerations have you had while doing this drill?", maintaining a good comm cycle in doing so, and pulling considerations until the needle is clean. The student should dirty and then clean the needle in each of the following fashions.

1. Ask the questions before the coach is ready to receive the question.

2. Ask the questions in such a way that the coach will not receive the questions.

3. Ask the questions in such a way that the coach doesn't feel he can answer fully. (Intonation and smirk, not by early acknowledgement, which is #6)

4. Ask the questions, let the coach answer, and then pretend to misunderstand his answer by saying you don't understand.

5. Ask the questions of the coach and then query all of his answers by checking them on the meter, asking further invalidative questions, and asking further evaluative questions. Dirty the needle and then clean it on each of these three separate methods, which are three types of invalidation.

6. Ask the questions, but cut all the answers with a premature acknowledgement.

7. Ask the questions, but never acknowledge an answer.

8. Ask the questions, but then answer them all for him.

9. Ask the questions on the meter, cleaning cleans (re-asking a non reading question) at every opportunity.

10. Ask the questions on the meter, and miss any and all reads.

EM-21: E-meter steering.
Its purpose is to train the student in how to assist the pc in finding an answer to a question This is done by saying "that" each time a latent read duplicates the instant read that occurred at the end of the question This is also a method of cleaning a needle, to just say "that" each time the read occurs on the needle until the pc spots it and verbalises it off. The student tells the coach to "Consider the events of the day" which the coach does silently. When a read occurs the student says "that". The coach then thinks a few other thoughts and thinks the same thought again. When the read reoccurs the student says - that was the same thought and the coach nods. This is done until the student is perfect at it. The coach then thinks of an irritating area so he will have a dirty needle, and the student cleans all the reads off the needle by saying "that" on each of the reads, getting the coach to talk out each one, until the needle is clean, and the coach is satisfied the student can clean any needle on anyone.

EM-22: Dating, we will take up after EM-23 and EM-24.

 EM-23: Assessment by Tone Arm.
Its purpose is to train the student to assess a list accurately by selecting that item which, upon brief discussion, produces the most movement of the tone arm. The student gets the coach to discuss briefly each item on the list, The student listens, and notes on a worksheet the TA motion on each item. When the list is finished the student circles the one which produced the most TA action. Use this list and question.

Which do you dislike the most?

a tarantula
a mosquito
a cockroach
a rattlesnake
a scorpion
an alligator
a flea
a shark
an octopus
a crocodile
a bee
a leech

 EM-24: Assessment by Instant Read.
Its purpose is to train the student to assess a list accurately and rapidly by instant read. The coach holds the cans silently and the student marks the reads, after having called off the question Usually one can cheat on this, as the read on the question will appear on one of the items. The proper way to do it is to call the question, mark that read, call each item, and mark its read. If more than one read, call the remaining reading ones only over until it comes down to one read. That action is called nulling. The student then gives the item to the coach by saying "In response to the question  (question) , your item is  (item) ." On this drill use this question and these items:

What country would you like to live in?

The US
England
Russia
Germany
France
Sweden
Brazil
Mexico
Denmark
Australia
Canada
Japan
Italy
Spain
Holland
Egypt
India
Switzerland

If you have to do a lot of drilling on this, you can make up other prepared lists on foods, colours, music, etc.

 EM-22: Dating.
Its purpose is to train the student to locate a date with the E-meter The coach writes a date on a sheet of paper from this lifetime. The coach remains silent The student, by using logical bracket and assessment questions, which he asks checking for reads, finds the date and announces it to the coach First it is done with a this lifetime date. Let us say the date was May 9th, 1950 that the coach had written down. The student would ask when the coach was born before the drill, and lets say that was 1939. The student would ask on the meter
 
"Is it before 1960?"
"Is it after 1960?"
"Is it 1960?"

to determine the year range. The worksheet admin would look like this:

-60 LF
+60 X
 60 X

The following admin would reflect the subsequent questions asked in finding this date on the meter:

-50 X
+50 X
 50 LF

1950? LF (the year was found so now one goes after the month)
-June LF
+June X
 June X

Before June LF

-March X
+March LF
 March X

April X
May LF

Its May LF

-15th LF
+15th X
 15th X

-7th X
+7th LF
 7th X

 8th X
 9th LF
10th X
11th X
12th X
13th X
14th X

Its the 9th LF
May 9th, 1950 LF LF

Thus finding a date with an E-meter is logically accomplished by assessing logical brackets and list to first determine the year, second the month, and thirdly the date. One simply uses the "before, after, is it" method of questioning The drill is complete when the student can easily, accurately find a date on the meter on another.

If one were to find a track date (EM-25), you would find it by exactly the same procedure, but there would be more brackets, and more work, You would initially determine how much work you had to do by finding the order of magnitude. You would do so by asking the order of magnitude question and taking the instant read.

The order of magnitude question is "Is the order of magnitude hundreds of years, thousands of years, tens of thousands of years, hundreds of thousands of years, millions of years, tens of millions of years, hundreds of millions of years, billions of years, tens of billions of years, hundreds of billions of years, trillions of years, tens of trillions of years, hundreds of trillions of years, quadrillions of years, tens of quadrillions of years."

It is extremely rare that you will ever have to date on the meter, but the dating drill properly done proves all previous drills are in well, and provides the student with a very complete confidence in his competence.

 EM-26: "Differentiation between the sizes of needle reads" is omitted as it is insulting. The student learned the sizes of reads on EM-12.

 EM-27: Needle observation involves peripheral vision of the E-meter which is irrelevant, as you should have it on a table in front of you, not 10 inches from your forehead, or 90 degrees angled away from your line of vision. I spent weeks learning to read one held behind my body It would have been better to have spent those weeks doing something more relevant, I suspect.

Those are the E-meter drills you need to do and know to use this device I have abbreviated and corrected them as a courtesy, to the reader.

I was planning on defining the E-meter reads here. It would be redundant. If you review EM-12 and EM-16, they are defined in those two drills.

 One reaches and withdraws from an E-meter until you are comfortable and not scared of the thing being there. One learns how to turn it on and off and adjust it and set what is known as a tone arm counter to measure the amount of charge that comes off the preclear during the session. One learns how to check the preclear's havingness by can squeeze and metabolism by having them take a deep breath. One then learns how to record tone arm motion, which is simply keeping the needle on the dial while the preclear is talking. One learns how to adjust the sensitivity knob. You also learn how to test the batteries. One learns how to recognise the difference between body motions, such as coughing and squirming in a chair or squeezing the cans, and motions of thoughts. Each of these are separate skills. It is like driving a car, you learn each separate skill then you blend them all together. One learns how to identify a read and get a preclear to talk about it until the read disappears. That is called cleaning a read off a needle. Then one learns the types of needle reactions and what causes each of them to where a person gains confidence by using an auditing communication cycle and handling any bank. For instance, questioning a loss they can learn how to take a fall off an E-meter; or a rise which could be caused by an ARC break restimulation, they could get a PC to talk about that until the rise would come off the meter; or a betrayal, getting a person to talk about a betrayal which causes a stuck needle, they could see that stuck needle go off the meter, and so forth. Then a person learns actively with a coach all the parts of an auditing comm. cycle, the ones I have listed before. A few are omitted from the drill book but they can be added in. One learns how to dirty a needle and clean a needle. Then one puts this all together and uses bracketed questions and learns how to get a date. The coach writes down a date and the auditor ask questions on the E-meter and the coach says nothing. In a short period of time, the auditor announces what the date is. One learns how to take a list and get a preclear to talk about and find which item on the list would be good to audit by what produces the most tone arm action. One learns how to get a preclear to sit there quietly and simply assess a list and take the largest instant read to where one would know what to audit One also learns some general rules such as, if the TA is moving, do nothing and that is senior to acknowledgements, if the TA is blowing down, moving down and the preclear is finished talking you wait until it has blown down before you acknowledge. If the tone arm isn't moving, then you do something, you start asking questions, find out what is going on to get it moving again. You learn that that which blows the tone arm down will produce tone arm motion. So, basically one learns how to use this tool, the E-meter, through those drills and the definitions are in those two books. Much of this material is also covered in Dianetics Today. I refer the reader to those two books towards practical drilling with an E-meter with a number of coaches to where it is as obvious and as easy and as useful as a screwdriver or a mascara brush.